N-acetylcysteine ​​(NAC)

N-acetylcysteine ​​(NAC) is a derivative of the sulfur-containing amino acid cysteine. In chemistry, a derivative is a derived substance that has a similar structure. N-acetylated cysteine ​​is a white crystalline powder that easily dissolves in waterIt is known for its expectorant and antioxidant effect in respiratory diseases with viscous secretion. Molecules held together by disulfide bridges are split by N-acetylcysteine. Viscous and poorly soluble mucus becomes liquid and can be coughed up more easily. in the treatment of paracetamol poisoning N-acetylcysteine ​​has proven to be effective.

What is N-acetylcysteine?

NAC is a direct precursor of glutathione, which is an atypical tripeptide. It is formed from the amino acids glycine, cysteine ​​and glutamic acid. It plays a particularly important role in erythrocytes (red blood cells). NAC increases glutathione levels in the liver and supports detoxification.

Where does N-acetylcysteine ​​occur?

The molecule N-acetylcysteine, discovered in 1899 does not occur naturally in our bodies or in our foodAs mentioned above, NAC is the immediate precursor of glutathione, which is present in almost all living cells and has a protective function. Mainly stored in the liver, medical studies are looking at how to eliminate potentially harmful compounds from medications and also cigarette smoke. The Glutathione levels decrease with ageDue to the antioxidant and liver-protecting properties of NAC, it is becoming increasingly popular in the field of bodybuilding, among other things. Since N-acetylcysteine ​​is synthetic in nature, it cannot be taken directly through food. Cysteine ​​oxidizes rapidly and the more stable N-acetylcysteine ​​is usually used for supplementation.

Did you know? NAC is on the List of Essential Medicines the WHO (World Health Organization).

What functions does N-acetylcysteine ​​have in the human body?

After ingestion, N-acetylcysteine ​​is converted to the deacetylated form L-cysteine ​​and further metabolized to glutathione, which is one of the body’s most potent antioxidants is. The most outstanding function of NAC is its ability to work on various levels of the organism. It can alleviate health problems, particularly in connection with the respiratory tract. NAC has the ability to reach the brain directly because it overcomes the blood-brain barrier. This prevents potentially toxic molecules from the bloodstream from reaching the central nervous system. It is therefore obvious how effectively NAC can affect nerve tissue. There are medical studies, how mental disorders and substance dependence could be reduced by the intake of NAC.

Since N-acetylcysteine ​​regulates the glutamate level and replenishes the glutathione reserves, reduces age-related oxidative stress in the brain and improves learning and memory capacityDopamine function also appears to be improved.Cysteine ​​and glutathione are essential for maintaining the immune system. The increase in the number of immune cells such as lymphocytes or macrophages can be achieved with NAC. Since the addition of NAC increases the glutathione level in the liver, it is easier for the liver to detoxify harmful substances and toxins. Other functions of NAC are part of research.

Did you know?

By combining N-acetylcysteine ​​with the amino acid glycine, one obtains GlyNACThis molecule could in animal studies, extend the life of mice by 24% and in another study, conducted by Prof Dr. Rajagopal Sekhar, the researchers were able to see positive changes in the Hallmarks of Aging For example, participants in the study improved their insulin resistance.