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What is hyaluronic acid (hyaluronic acid)?
Magazin Moleküle

What is hyaluronic acid (hyaluronic acid)?

Many people are familiar with hyaluronic acid from plastic surgery, where the substance has long been used as a “wrinkle filler” for the skin. The molecule occurs naturally in our body – we can even produce it ourselves to a certain extent. However, as we age, the amount of hyaluronic acid in our body decreases, which leads to reduced skin elasticity. Some studies have shown that regular intake of hyaluronic acid can reduce the depth of wrinkles. Find out more about the fascinating molecule hyaluronic acid and what benefits it brings to you.

occurrence of hyaluronic acid

The name hyaluronic acid goes back to its discoverer, Karl Meyer. In the 1930s, he isolated a substance from the vitreous humor of cows’ eyes that consisted of many disaccharides and uronic acids. The ancient Greek word for glass is “hyalos” and thus he named the newly discovered substance hyaluronic acid. Hyaluron is the abbreviation of the word.

In our body there are a total of about 15 grams of hyaluronic acid, distributed among other things in our joints, in the connective tissue, the vitreous body of the eye and in the skinApproximately half of the total hyaluronic acid is found in the skin, both in the upper epidermis and in the deeper dermis.

Here are some more impressive numbers:

– The hyaluronic acid content in the skin of a 75-year-old is about only a quarter compared to that of a 19-year-old person!
– Your body synthesizes about 5g of hyaluronic acid per day, but the same amount is also broken down again. So about a third of the total amount of hyaluronic acid in your body is broken down and rebuilt every day.

Hyaluronic acid (hyaluronic acid) is very commonly used in plastic surgery.

What does hyaluronic acid do?

In order to understand the role of hyaluronic acid in our body, we need to take a closer look at the molecular structure. Hyaluronic acid consists of a series of disaccharides. The disaccharide molecules are modified glucose building blocks that have the complicated name D-glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. The changes allow the individual disaccharides to be linked together like a chain. Chemically, this is called polymers. This structure makes it possible to that hyaluronic acid can bind a lot of water.

Depending on how many disaccharides you link together, you get molecules of different weights. A rough distinction is made between light, also low molecular weight hyaluronic acid (NMW) called, and heavy, so-called high molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HMW).

This distinction is important because the two molecules have different properties.

High molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HMW)

High molecular weight hyaluronic acid is defined as a weight of 106 Dalton. That is about 100 kilodaltons (kDA). High molecular weight hyaluronic acid, as found in MOLEQLAR Hyaluron occurs in the articular cartilage and synovial fluid as a “lubricant”.In addition, some studies have shown that it has a positive effect on wound healing. It supports the connective tissue and reduces inflammation in the body through interaction with surface molecules of our immune cells.

In addition, some double-blind, placebo-controlled studies (highest evidence) have shown that wrinkle depth was significantly reduced after 28 days of oral intake of high molecular weight hyaluronic acid.

One gram of hyaluronic acid can bind about 6 liters of waterThe vitreous body of our eye consists of approximately 98% water. The remaining two percent is hyaluronic acid and collagen fibers.

Low molecular weight hyaluronic acid (NMW)

Low molecular weight hyaluronic acid was also able to reduce wrinkle depth in some studies – but it was not as effective as high molecular weight hyaluronic acid. Under low molecular weight hyaluronic acid, more proinflammatory (inflammation-promoting) signals were observed.

In certain diseases, such as bronchial asthma, pulmonary fibrosis and arterial hypertension, the body's own high-molecular hyaluronic acid is converted into low-molecular hyaluronic acid. Studies have shown that this shift to more NMW promotes an increased inflammatory reaction.

Hyaluron in Science and Research

Hyaluron is used in many areas of medicine due to its unique biological and chemical properties. Here are some examples:

  • as a “carrier substance” in pharmaceuticals.
  • as a topical application in wound healing
  • in eye surgery to protect the eye
  • as a "lubricant" in the joint
  • as an ingredient in nasal sprays to reduce dryness

There are many other areas in which hyaluronic acid is used. One area of ​​research, for example, is the use of hyaluronic acid as a "carrier" molecule for cancer drugs. It has been shown that some tumors express the CD44 receptor excessively. Hyaluronic acid can bind to this receptor, which makes it an interesting molecule for developing targeted therapeutic approaches.

Did you know?

The hyaluronic acid is a very versatile molecule that plays an important role in age research. It probably affects positive on some of the Hallmarks of Aging out of. This is one of the reasons why we in our innovative MoleQlar ONE also rely on hyaluronic acid as an effective ingredient.

Due to its water-binding capacity, hyaluronic acid is an ideal lubricant in our joints.

How do we absorb hyaluronic acid?

As mentioned before, hyaluronic acid is a fairly large molecule. Too large to be completely absorbed by our intestines. For this reason, it has long been assumed that substituting hyaluronic acid by swallowing it would not help, as the molecule is broken down into smaller pieces in our intestines.

However, this assumption has been refuted. Hyaluron is indeed broken down into smaller fragments in our intestines. However, these fragments find their way into our connective tissue and activate the same signaling pathways as hyaluronic acid. In addition, high-molecular hyaluronic acid is absorbed as a complete molecule via our lymphatic system. The results of several studies were compiled in a larger review. This revealed a number of results. Firstly, the researchers found that after at least four weeks of daily intake of high-molecular hyaluronic acid, wrinkles were reduced and skin moisture improved. Even more exciting is that one study showed that orally ingested high-molecular hyaluronic acid is deposited in the connective tissue.

In one study 60 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee were given 200mg of hyaluronic acid orally for 12 months. The other group received corn starch. Both groups were given a similar exercise program. After 12 months, the hyaluronic acid group benefited. It showed a greater reduction in pain, with those under 70 years of age particularly benefiting from daily intake.

Hyaluron typically has a very viscous consistency in skin care products.

Hyaluron in the Cosmetics Industry

Hyaluron has long been known in the cosmetics industry as an additive in creams, serums or gels.

Our skin owes its elasticity and firmness to the connective tissue. The main components are collagen, elastin and hyaluronic acidDue to its water-binding ability, hyaluronic acid is responsible for the moisture content and thus indirectly for the firmness of our skin.

As our body ages, it produces less and less hyaluronic acid and the skin loses fluid, which leads to a loss of the filling substance. We see this when our skin develops wrinkles. Our skin is often a reflection of our "perceived" age. Our largest organ is visible to everyone around us, which is why we want to avoid skin aging as much as possible.

Hyaluron gels promise to compensate for this loss of fluid. However, the studies are not clear on this. It is very likely that hyaluronic acid applied to the skin cannot penetrate deep enough into the skin. It binds the water on the skin. The only option, apart from oral supplementation, is to inject the skin with hyaluronic acid. Depending on the hyaluronic acid used, the effect lasts for 6 to 24 months.

collagen is the most common protein in our skin. As we age, our body reduces collagen synthesis, similar to hyaluronic acid. This also contributes to skin aging.

Glycine, an amino acidAccording to some studies, the vitamin C we consume with food can promote collagen synthesis and thus, together with hyaluronic acid, prevent premature skin aging.

Glycine and hyaluronic acid together act on two important aging processes in the skin and can have a positive effect on your skin health. Both molecules are found together in MOLEQLAR Hyaluron before.

With the Skin Glow Essentials Bundle you combine the power of all three molecules: hyaluronic acid, collagen and glycine for a skin-close synergy

Hyaluronic Acid for Different Skin Types: What You Should Know

There are different types of hyaluronic acid products that are tailored to different skin types.

Dry skin: Hyaluronic acid can help lock moisture into the skin, relieving dryness and tightness. It is especially effective when applied to damp skin and sealed with a moisturizing cream.

Oily skin: Even people with oily skin can benefit from hyaluronic acid because it provides moisture without clogging pores or leaving an oily film on the skin.

Sensitive skin: Hyaluronic acid is very gentle on the skin and can therefore also be used on sensitive skin. It can help to strengthen the skin barrier and minimize irritation.

“Old” skin: As we age, the skin's natural hyaluronic acid content decreases, which can lead to dryness and the formation of wrinkles. Hyaluronic acid products can help minimize these signs of aging.

Hyaluronic acid in skin care: this is the current state of science

Hyaluronic acid is a natural component of the body that can be found in many skin care products. It is known for its ability to bind water, thereby hydrating and firming the skin.

Hyaluronic acid can bind moisture: Hyaluronic acid has the ability to 1000 times their own weight in water. This makes it an excellent moisturizer and helps keep the skin hydrated and plump.

Hyaluronic acid can strengthen the skin barrier: Due to its moisturizing properties, hyaluronic acid can help strengthen the skin barrier and thus contribute to healthy, resilient skin.

Hyaluronic acid can minimize signs of skin aging: As we age, the skin's natural hyaluronic acid content decreases, which can lead to dryness and wrinkles. Topical applications of hyaluronic acid can help reduce these signs of aging.

Hyaluronic acid is safe for most skin types: Hyaluronic acid is very gentle on the skin and is generally well tolerated, making it a good option for all skin types, including sensitive skin.

Hyaluronic acid is one of the most effective moisturizers. It can store 1000 times its own weight in water

Hyaluronic Acid vs. Other Moisturizers: A Comparison

Compared to other moisturizing ingredients Hyaluronic acid provides more intense and longer lasting hydration. It draws water into the skin and holds it there, helping to keep the skin plump and hydrated. In addition, hyaluronic acid is also very gentle on the skin and is generally well tolerated, making it a good option for all skin types.

Other commonly used moisturizing ingredients are Glycerin, urea, aloe vera and various oils. Glycerin is another highly hygroscopic ingredient that draws water into the skin and helps keep it there. Urea is known for its ability to smooth the skin and remove dead skin cells while also providing moisture.

Aloe vera is known for its soothing and moisturizing properties and can be particularly beneficial for dry or irritated skin. Oils such as jojoba oil or argan oil can also provide moisture and help strengthen the skin barrier.

How to Integrate Hyaluronic Acid into Your Daily Skincare Routine

Hyaluronic acid is a powerful moisture binding agent and can easily be integrated into your daily skincare routine.

Cleanse your face thoroughly: Before applying hyaluronic acid, it is important to cleanse your face to remove excess oil and dirt. This allows the hyaluronic acid to be better absorbed by the skin.

Apply to damp skin: Hyaluronic acid binds to moisture and draws it into the skin, so it's best to apply hyaluronic acid to damp skin to maximize its moisturizing properties.

Seal with a moisturizer: After applying hyaluronic acid, you should always apply a moisturizing cream or lotion. This will help lock in moisture and improve the effectiveness of the hyaluronic acid.

Regular use: For optimal results, you should use hyaluronic acid products regularly. Many experts recommend using them twice a day, once in the morning and once in the evening.

Combine with other ingredients: Hyaluronic acid can be combined well with other ingredients in your skincare routine. For example, the combination of Hyaluronic acid with vitamin C help to improve the brightness and shine of the skin.

At MoleQlar we offer pure, vegan hyaluronic acid in capsule form and in the highest quality.

Hyaluronic acid in food

Hyaluronic acid is found in both animal and plant foods. In animal foods, hyaluronic acid is found primarily in cartilage tissue or in broths made from animal bones. Other sources are:

  • Fish such as mackerel or gilthead bream
  • potatoes
  • Green leafy vegetables
  • bananas
  • almonds
  • sweet potatoes
  • cashews
  • tofu

The exact amounts of hyaluronic acid in foods are not well researched. A healthy, balanced diet, along with adequate supplementation, can contribute to increased absorption of hyaluronic acid.

Hyaluron and L-glycine form a skin-close synergy in the MoleQlar product.

How is hyaluronic acid produced?

In the past, hyaluronic acid had to be extracted from cow's eyes or rooster combs, which was a laborious process. Since this method is not very sustainable, researchers have come up with other methods.

Nowadays, hyaluronic acid is produced by genetically modified bacteria. In large fermentation plants, pure, vegan hyaluronic acid can be obtained. Through the various filtration processes, the Risk of allergy also lower than with animal products. The end product is also completely GMO-freebecause the bacteria are completely removed.

This pure, vegan form of hyaluronic acid you can also with us Together with glycine, hyaluronic acid fights on the front lines of your metabolism and skin health!

Summary

Hyaluronic acid is an important component of our body. As we age, however, we gradually lose the ability to produce hyaluronic acid. This leads to reduced skin elasticity, increased wrinkles and less "lubricant" in our joints, which leads to more pain.

The supplementation with hyaluronic acid has been rated as safe in many studies. Taking hyaluronic acid daily can help reduce wrinkles on your skin and inflammation in the body. This helps protect your largest organ, the skin, from premature aging.

Sources

Literature:

    • Papakonstantinou, Eleni et al. “Hyaluronic acid: A key molecule in skin aging.” Dermato-endocrinology vol. 4,3 (2012): 253-8. Link
    • Lodén, M, and W Wessman. “The influence of a cream containing 20% glycerin and its vehicle on skin barrier properties.” International journal of cosmetic science vol. 23,2 (2001): 115-9. Link
    • Oe, Mariko et al. “Oral hyaluronan relieves wrinkles: a double-blinded, placebo-controlled study over a 12-week period.” Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology vol. 10 267-273. 18 Jul. 2017, Link
    • Fallacara, Arianna et al. “Hyaluronic Acid in the Third Millennium.” Polymers vol. 10,7 701. 25 Jun. 2018, Link
    • Bayer, Ilker S. “Hyaluronic Acid and Controlled Release: A Review.” Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)vol. 25,11 2649. 6 Jun. 2020, Link
    • Li, Peng, and Guoyao Wu. “Roles of dietary glycine, proline, and hydroxyproline in collagen synthesis and animal growth.” Amino acids vol. 50,1 (2018): 29-38. Link
    • Tashiro, Toshiyuki et al. “Oral administration of polymer hyaluronic acid alleviates symptoms of knee osteoarthritis: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study over a 12-month period.” TheScientificWorldJournal vol. 2012 (2012): 167928. Link
    • Michelotti, Angela et al. “Oral intake of a new full-spectrum hyaluronan improves skin profilometry and ageing: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.” European journal of dermatology : EJD vol. 31,6 (2021): 798-805. Link

Grafiken:

The images were acquired under license from Canva.

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