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vitamin C

vitamin C

vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is an essential water-soluble vitamin that is essential for a variety of body functions. It is one of the safest and most effective dietary supplements and has been studied in many studies. It not only supports the immune system, but is also important for skin health, iron absorption and the regeneration of antioxidants in the body. In this article, we will show you the different aspects of this molecule.

What is vitamin C?

This vitamin, also known as ascorbic acid, is a powerful antioxidantthat protects the body from free radicals. Free radicals are molecules that can cause cell damage and are associated with various diseases, including heart disease and cancer. Ascorbic acid is also responsible for the synthesis of collagen necessary, an important protein that contributes to wound healing and keeps the skin, blood vessels, tendons and gums healthy.

Which foods contain vitamin C?

The true content of ascorbic acid always varies, but in this table you have an overview of foods and their vitamin C content per 100g:

Groceries Vitamin C (mg)
peppers, red, raw 190
black currants 181
parsley, fresh 133
kiwi 93
broccoli, raw 89
strawberries 59
oranges

53

What role does vitamin C play in the body?

Ascorbic acid plays a central role in immune system and other aspects of our body. We give you a brief overview of the most important areas:

collagen production

One of the outstanding functions of ascorbic acid in the body is its role in the synthesis of collagen, a vital protein that provides structure and strength to skin, bones, tendons, ligaments and blood vessels. Here, ascorbic acid acts as a co-factor for the enzymes prolyl and lysyl hydroxylase, which are necessary for the stabilization and cross-linking of collagen molecules. Through these processes, vitamin C contributes significantly to wound healing and supports the Maintaining skin elasticity and firmness. A sufficient supply is therefore crucial for maintaining healthy, resilient skin and for the rapid regeneration of tissues after injuries.

protection against colds

The role of vitamin C in protection against colds has been the subject of scientific research for decades.Although it does not directly protect against infection with cold viruses, adequate intake can reduce the duration and severity of cold symptomsStudies show that ascorbic acid strengthens the immune system by Supports the formation and function of leukocytes (white blood cells), which are responsible for fighting infections. In addition, the Vitamin as a natural antihistamine work by regulating histamine production and thus reducing inflammation and symptoms such as a stuffy nose.

Did you know?

quercetin, a naturally occurring secondary plant substance, is also able to regulate histamine production. Especially in case of overproduction of histamine due to an allergy Quercetin can help. In addition, Quercetin is an exciting molecule in longevity research, as it has the property of assisting the body in the elimination of so-called "zombie cells" (senescent cells). Together with vitamin C and phospholipids, the absorption of quercetin can be increased. More about quercetin You can find out more in our magazine article.

Quercesome - 20 times higher bioavailability compared to conventional quercetin powder. Thanks to phospholipids from sunflower and natural vitamin C.

protection against free radicals

Ascorbic acid is a potential antioxidantthat protects the body from the harmful effects of free radicals. Free radicals are unstable molecules that can damage cells and contribute to the aging process and the development of diseases such as heart disease and cancer. Vitamin C neutralizes free radicals by donating one of its electrons, thereby stabilizing the unstable free radical. This antioxidant effect plays a crucial role in Prevention of oxidative stress and promotes the overall health of the body.

How much vitamin C do you need per day?

The recommended daily dose varies depending on age, gender and living conditions. The German Nutrition Society (DGE) recommends 110 mg per day for adult men and 95 mg for adult women. Pregnant and breastfeeding women have an increased need.

When do you have a vitamin C deficiency?

A deficiency can occur when not enough ascorbic acid is consumed through the diet, typically less than 10 mg per day over a long period of time.

How do you notice a vitamin C deficiency?

Symptoms of a deficiency can include:

  • fatigue and weakness
  • muscle weakness
  • joint pain
  • Dry skin and hair
  • bleeding and inflamed gums
  • Delayed wound healing
  • susceptibility to bruising

How can you compensate for a vitamin C deficiency?

A deficiency can be effectively remedied by aIncreased intake of vitamin C-rich foods or by taking dietary supplements be balanced.

vitamin C infusions

Vitamin C infusions provide a direct delivery of high doses of ascorbic acid into the bloodstream through intravenous injections. This method is often used in medical settings to treat various conditions, including deficiency, and to boost the immune system. Infusions allow for faster and more effective absorption compared to oral preparations, because they bypass the digestive processes. (You can find out more about this in the article about absorption pathways). They are also used in alternative medicine to support cancer therapy and improve general vitality. However, such therapies should be under medical supervision to avoid overdose and possible side effects.

Vitamin C in Cosmetics

In the cosmetics industry, ascorbic acid is used because of its antioxidant properties and its ability to promote collagen production, It is a popular ingredient in skin care products, especially serums.

Vitamin C Serum

Vitamin C serum is a liquid or gel-like product that is applied to the skin, to prevent premature aging, improve skin texture and even out skin tone. It helps protect skin from environmental damage, reduce fine lines and promote skin radiance. Topical application allows vitamin C to penetrate directly into the skin, where it supports collagen production and helps neutralize free radicals.

With the Skin Glow Essentials Bundle you combine the power of all three molecules: hyaluronic acid, collagen and glycine for a skin-close synergy

Liposomal Vitamin C

Liposomal vitamin C is an innovative form, in which the vitamin is enclosed in liposomesLiposomes are tiny, fat-like particles that help transport ascorbic acid through the digestive tract and its increase absorption in the body. The main advantage of liposomal vitamin C is its improved bioavailability; it is absorbed more effectively by the body than conventional preparations.This can be especially useful for individuals who have trouble digesting supplements or who want to achieve higher bioavailability to support their health condition or combat a deficiency.

Benefits of Liposomal Vitamin C

  • Increased absorption and bioavailability: By coating the vitamin with liposomes, it is absorbed more effectively by the body.
  • gastrointestinal tolerance: Liposomal vitamin C is less acidic than conventional forms and may therefore be better tolerated by people with sensitive stomachs.
  • Longer circulation in the body: Liposomal encapsulation can help keep the vitamin in the bloodstream longer, allowing for a longer duration of effects.

What is high-dose vitamin C?

This term refers to the administration of ascorbic acid in amounts significantly higher than the daily recommended amounts. Such doses can be administered either orally or by intravenous infusion. The exact amount may vary, but is usually “High doses” start at about 1,000 mg (1 gram) per day and can range up to 10,000 mg (10 grams) or more per infusion in medical settings.

areas of application

High-dose vitamin C is being studied and used in a variety of contexts, including:

  • support of the immune system: Especially in times of increased need, such as colds or flu.
  • Adjuvant cancer therapy: Some studies suggest that high-dose vitamin C, especially in the form of infusions, could improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiotherapy and increase the quality of life of cancer patients.
  • Reduction of oxidative stress: In situations characterized by increased oxidative stress, such as after physical activity or in certain chronic diseases.

study situation

Scientific research on high-dose vitamin C is mixed and remains the subject of active investigation. Some studies have shown positive effects in specific applications, such as improving the quality of life in cancer patients or reducing the duration and severity of colds. However, the results are not consistent, and effectiveness may vary depending on individual health conditions and treatment contexts. The American Cancer Society and other medical organizations emphasize that further research is needed to determine safety, effectiveness, and optimal dosing in cancer therapy and other indications.

overdose of vitamin C

Although it is generally considered safe to take, excessive intake can cause side effects.Symptoms of overdose may include:

  • gastrointestinal complaints: nausea, diarrhea, stomach cramps
  • kidney stones: Especially with long-term intake of high doses
  • Increased iron absorption: May be problematic in people with conditions such as hemochromatosis (an iron storage disease)
  • Headache
  • sleep disorders

It is important to emphasize that the body normally tolerates excess ascorbic acid ingested through food and excretes it through urine.

Vitamin C and colds

The hypothesis that vitamin C can prevent or alleviate colds dates back to the 1970s, when Linus Pauling, a renowned chemist and two-time Nobel Prize winner, popularized the theory that high doses of the vitamin can reduce the risk of a cold and reduce its severity and duration.

Prevention:

Most current studies show that regular intake of acsorbic acid by the general population does not significantly reduce the frequency of colds, with one exception: for people who are under extreme physical stress, such as marathon runners and soldiers in subarctic conditions, regular intake can halve the risk of catching a cold.

Treatment:

Regarding the treatment of cold symptoms, some studies suggest that Taking vitamin C after the onset of cold symptoms can slightly reduce the duration and severity of the cold. However, results vary, and the reduction in disease duration is often relatively small.

vitamin C and zinc

zinc is an essential trace element that is important for the function of several enzymes and the maintenance of immunological function. Like ascorbic acid, zinc is also valued for its role in supporting the immune system and its potential ability to reduce the duration and severity of colds to reduce, estimated.

Immune system:

Both vitamin C and zinc play a crucial role in the development and function of white blood cells, which are responsible for fighting infections. Ascorbic acid promotes the production and function of lymphocytes, while zinc is essential for the proper function of neutrophils and natural killer cells.

Synergistic effects:

The combination of vitamin C and zinc may have synergistic effects that strengthen the immune system and speed up recovery from colds. Some studies suggest that supplementing vitamin C and zinc together may reduce the duration and severity of cold symptoms more than taking either nutrient alone. This could be due to the combined antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties.

Vitamin C and Longevity

The "Hallmarks of Aging“ represent a concept, which describes the biological mechanisms underlying aging. These include genomic instability, telomere shortening, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, Stem cell exhaustion and altered intercellular communicationAscorbic acid, an essential water-soluble antioxidant, plays an important role in modulating several of these aging mechanisms.

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Genomic instability

Vitamin C may help maintain genetic stability by providing antioxidant protection mechanisms that reduce DNA damage caused by free radicals. This could slow the accumulation of genetic mutations that contribute to aging.

telomere shortening

Although direct evidence is limited, there is evidence that ascorbic acid has a positive effect on telomere length by affecting telomerase activity. Longer telomeres are associated with a longer lifespan.

loss of proteostasis

As we have seen, vitamin C is involved in collagen synthesis and supports the correct folding of proteins, which helps maintain proteostasis. A loss of proteostasis, leading to misfolded proteins and the formation of protein aggregates, is a hallmark of aging.

mitochondrial dysfunction

As an antioxidant, ascorbic acid can support mitochondrial function by reducing oxidative stress. Mitochondria play a central role in energy production and their dysfunction is a known aging factor.

Cellular senescence

Vitamin C can prevent the development senescent cells by minimizing oxidative damage and promoting tissue regeneration by supporting collagen synthesis.

Altered intercellular communication

Due to its antioxidant properties, ascorbic acid can modulate the inflammatory response and thus contribute to the maintenance of a healthy iintercellular communication which is often disturbed by chronic inflammation in old age.

In summary Vitamin C plays a multifunctional role in the hallmarks of aging. Through its antioxidant properties and involvement in various cellular processes, vitamin C may slow aging and contribute to longevity. Nevertheless, more research is needed to fully understand these potential mechanisms and how they can be integrated into practical anti-aging strategies.

Literature

  • Cai, Yuan et al. “Association between dietary vitamin C and telomere length: A cross-sectional study.”Frontiers in nutrition  10 1025936. 26 Jan. 2023, Link
  • Padayatty, S J, and M Levine. “Vitamin C: the known and the unknown and Goldilocks.”Oral diseases  22.6 (2016): 463-93. Link
  • Lykkesfeldt, Jens, and Pernille Tveden-Nyborg. “The Pharmacokinetics of Vitamin C.”Nutrients  11.10 2412. 9 Oct. 2019, Link
  • Böttger, Franziska et al. “High-dose intravenous vitamin C, a promising multi-targeting agent in the treatment of cancer.”Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR  40,1 343. 30 Oct. 2021 Link
  • Łukawski, Maciej et al. “New oral liposomal vitamin C formulation: properties and bioavailability.Journal of liposome research  30.3 (2020): 227-234. Link
  • National Institutes of Health (NIH). „Vitamin C Fact Sheet for Health Professionals.“ Link
  • German Society for Nutrition e. V. (DGE). „Reference values for nutrient intake: Vitamin C.“
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