Collagen is one of the most abundant proteins in our body. It makes up a large part of our connective tissue, which consists of long, fibrous molecules. Depending on its composition, collagen can have different properties. For example, collagen gives structure to our skin, and collagen found in tendons provides greater tensile strength.
As we age, the collagen content decreases more and more. The consequences: Our skin structure becomes brittle and wrinkles form, while our tendons are no longer as resilient as they used to be. What the background is and how you can partially stop this decline, you can find out here.
Collagen in our body: The structural basis
With a share of nearly 30%, collagen is by far the most common protein in our body. It is formed by specialized cells called fibroblasts.Three amino acids are linked together to form long, fibrous molecules. It always starts with glycine.
The long, thread-like molecules are then connected to form a so-called triple helix . Imagine a braided braid; the collagen structures look similar. Finally, these intertwined molecules initially aggregate into smaller packages called "fibrils" , which in turn form the collagen fibers through their large number.
Did you know? Two important enzymes in collagen synthesis, prolyl hydroxylase and lysyl hydroxylase both require vitamin C as a cofactor
. Without sufficient vitamin C, these enzymes cannot attach the important hydroxyl groups that are later necessary for cross-linking. Simply put, the resulting collagen would be significantly less stable.
Low molecular weight collagen peptides in powder form are one way to prevent the age-related decline in collagen levels.
The framework for healthy and firm skin
The collagen in our skin is constantly being renewed by fibroblasts. The large collagen fibers serve as a kind of tight network in which the various other molecules are arranged. Too much UV light and aging lead over time to a lower collagen content. The result: Our skin develops wrinkles. But what is the reason for this?
As always, there is no simple answer to a rather complex question. Several factors are known to researchers. On the one hand, there is the UV radiation, which damages our skin in two ways: First, the fibroblasts are inhibited in their activity, resulting in less collagen being newly formed, and second, there is an increase in damage to the skin that activates so-called collagenases. These enzymes "digest" actually functional collagen.
With age, the composition of the collagen fibers also changes. They become thinner, making our framework increasingly brittle.The exact cause of this is not yet fully clarified. One hypothesis is that with age, blood supply, especially through the tiny vessels, deteriorates, thus impairing collagen formation.
Interestingly, UV damage seems to be independent of this. This means we already have an effective approach to prevent premature skin aging: Regularly applying sunscreen with UV protection (preferably 50+) can effectively prevent skin aging.
Did you know? In addition to collagen, hyaluronic acid is extremely important for healthy skin and healthy joints. While collagen is water-insoluble and primarily scores on stability and strength, hyaluronic acid binds extraordinarily large amounts of water, thus providing volume.Nevertheless, the hyaluronic acid content in our skin decreases with age, making it appear less "plump." Some studies have shown that oral supplementation with high molecular weight hyaluron can reduce wrinkle depth. More about this: What is hyaluron?
Collagen and hyaluron work together for more skin elasticity and health in old age.
Fewer wrinkles through collagen?
It can be observed that both hyaluron and collagen have lower levels with age, leading to more wrinkles. The logical consequence: We need to find a way to raise the collagen concentration again. We have already seen one way.
With sufficient sun protection, we can effectively protect our skin from harmful UV radiation. This alone is usually just a partial step – ideally, we manage to stimulate collagen production. However, we cannot simply apply collagen to our skin. The molecule is far too large and would never penetrate our skin barrier. Another way is through our gastrointestinal tract, where we can absorb collagen.
Did you know? The amino acid glycine is not only the ultimate for the skin. As a neurotransmitter, the molecule helps regulate nerve impulses and also promotes muscle growth. This amino acid has also sparked interest in aging research.
GlyNAC – the combination of glycine and N-acetylcysteine – was able to halt aging in both humans and animals by supporting the production of glutathione – the most important radical scavenger in our body.
Low molecular vs. high molecular – a small but significant difference
As mentioned earlier, collagen consists of very long, cord-like molecules. These can be found, for example, in some animal products, such as bone marrow, chicken skin, or in fish. These collagen molecules are broken down by stomach acid after ingestion and split into their amino acids. What initially sounds disadvantageous is actually necessary.The individual amino acids can be absorbed by the intestine into our body – Collagen as a whole would not fit through our intestinal wall.
If one wants to supplement collagen powder, it is preferably already broken down into smaller pieces and additionally packaged in a protein shell. Without this "preparation," it seems to have no effect. The studies on humans were conducted either with high molecular weight, meaning there were large collagen chains in the protein shells, or with low molecular weight collagen. If you look at the studies more closely, low molecular weight collagen shows significantly better results.
The authors of this study also provide an explanation for this. The smaller molecules can be better absorbed by our intestines and thus reach the skin, where ultimately collagen synthesis is stimulated. With larger molecules, we have the problem that our intestines cannot fully absorb them and they are instead broken down.
Be careful when choosing the right collagen supplement. Low-molecular preparations are significantly more efficient according to studies.
Collagen as an osteoarthritis killer – what’s the truth?
Besides the skin, we find collagen in our joints and the tendons, with which our muscles attach to the bones. Here too, we see that collagen density decreases with age.Our joints hurt due to arthritic changes, the tendons can no longer bear the load as efficiently as they could in earlier years, and we become overall "stiffer." Can collagen help here as well?
To answer this question, we can take a look at this meta-study . A meta-study is a research work that brings together and evaluates as many studies as possible on the same question. This aims to eliminate random results and get a little closer to the "truth."
The researchers found that a daily intake of 5-15g of collagen led to improved joint function and less pain. The older the participants were, the more they benefited from a daily collagen intake to strengthen their strength.In younger, fitter subjects, this effect was smaller but could be enhanced by the addition of Vitamin C.
Citrus fruits are an important natural source of Vitamin C - an essential co-factor for collagen synthesis.
Here, researchers found that Vitamin C, in conjunction with a collagen supplementation, can increase production by fibroblasts. This also makes sense if you can remember the complicated-sounding enzymes of collagen biosynthesis. Two of them require Vitamin C as a co-factor.
A final interesting fact that the scientists highlight in their meta-analysis is the effect of collagen on the recovery time of the muscles after a workout. Here, a small but measurable improvement in time was observed when the subjects took collagen peptides.
Did you know? Have you ever heard of osteogenesis imperfecta (brittle bone disease) ? This rare genetic disorder is caused by a disruption in collagen formation. There are 11 different forms of the disease. Depending on the severity of the condition, the brittleness of the bones increases to such an extent that they literally shatter like glass.
Collagen types explained: What does each type do?
There are at least 16 different types of collagen, but most scientists focus on the first four main types: collagen type I, II, III, and IV.
- Collagen Type I: This is the most common type and is responsible for the health of skin, hair, nails, organs, bones, and connective tissue. It is also the strongest collagen in the body and forms the structure for most tissues.
- Collagen Type II: This type is mainly found in cartilage and plays an important role in building and maintaining healthy joints. It also helps reduce inflammation and alleviate joint pain.
- Collagen Type III: This collagen is found in large amounts in the skin and blood vessels and helps keep the skin firm and elastic. It often works hand in hand with Type I.
- Collagen Type IV: This type is essential for skin health and is found in the layers of skin known as the basement membrane. It supports the functions of skin cells and promotes the formation of new cells.
Vegan Collagen Alternatives: Myth or Reality?
Collagen is an essential component of our bodies, but as an animal product, it is not suitable for vegans. However, there are vegan alternatives to promote the collagen production of one's own body.
- Protein: Collagen is made from amino acids, so adequate protein intake is crucial for collagen production.Plant-based proteins, such as those found in legumes, whole grains, and nuts, can help provide the necessary amino acids.
- Vitamin C: This vitamin plays a key role in collagen formation. It is abundantly present in many plant foods, including citrus fruits, berries, leafy greens, and bell peppers.
- Zinc and copper: These minerals are also important for collagen production. They are found in a variety of plant foods, including nuts and seeds, whole grains, and certain vegetables.
- Plant-based collagen boosters: There are also special supplements aimed at promoting collagen production.These often contain a mixture of the nutrients mentioned above as well as other secondary plant compounds that are known to support skin health. The vegan collagen from MOLEQLAR, for example, is a precursor complex with L-Lysine, L-Proline, Glycine, Vitamin C, Hyaluronic Acid, Astaxanthin, and Zinc.
With the Skin Glow Essentials Bundle, you combine the power of all three molecules: Hyaluronic Acid, Collagen, and Glycine for a skin-close synergy
Collagen in cosmetics: Is that still relevant?
Collagen is a popular ingredient in many skincare products and cosmetic treatments, as it is considered an essential building block for healthy skin, hair, and nails.But is it really as effective as claimed?
Collagen in skincare products
The idea behind using collagen in skincare products is that it can help, tighten the skin and reduce wrinkles by supplementing the body's natural collagen production. However, there are some doubts about the effectiveness of these products. Because the collagen molecules are, according to some experts, too large to effectively penetrate the skin and bring about changes at the cellular level.
Collagen in cosmetic treatments
There are various cosmetic treatments aimed at stimulating the collagen production. These include microneedling, laser treatments, and ultrasound therapy.A famous user of these methods is the American millionaire Bryan Johnson. These treatments can help rejuvenate the skin by stimulating collagen production and improving the appearance of wrinkles and fine lines.
Preventing collagen breakdown – these are the options available
Collagen is one of our most important structural proteins. However, with age, the amount of collagen decreases, leading to wrinkles and weaker tendons and joints. To prevent this breakdown, we have various options. We can protect our skin from UV radiation while simultaneously stimulating collagen biosynthesis by providing our body with the necessary building blocks in the form of peptides.
One of the most effective methods for preventing collagen breakdown is a balanced diet. Foods that are rich in proteins, vitamin C, and other antioxidants can promote collagen production. In addition, certain supplements, such as our MOLEQLAR collagen powder, can help increase collagen levels in the body.
Another important factor in preventing collagen breakdown is protection from sun damage. UV rays can break down collagen in the skin, leading to premature skin aging. Therefore, it is important to always use adequate sun protection when spending time outdoors.
Lastly, regular physical activity can also help prevent collagen breakdown.Exercises that engage the whole body, such as yoga or swimming, can improve circulation and thus help transport nutrients more efficiently to the skin cells, which in turn supports collagen production.
The devil is in the details. For collagen, low-molecular preparations, such as MOLEQLAR collagen powder, are ideal, while hyaluronic acid is significantly more effective in its high-molecular form. Together, hyaluronic acid and collagen form an effective duo for your structural health!
