What is the NMN serum?

What if there was a way to not only slow down the ageing process of our skin, but even partially reverse it? This question has preoccupied scientists for decades, and although the fountain of youth remains a myth, novel approaches such as NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide) could bring the promise of more youthful skin within reach. But what is behind this potent molecule and how exactly can it work as a skin serum to combat wrinkles and UV damage?

In this article, we give you an in-depth look at the science behind skin ageing and what methods exist to stop or possibly reverse it.

Skin ageing: how our largest organ changes with age

Our skin, the largest organ of the human body, is subject to a continuous ageing process that is influenced by both internal (intrinsic) and external (extrinsic) factors. As we age, cell regeneration slows down and the skin loses elasticity, moisture and density, leading to visible signs such as wrinkles, fine lines and uneven skin tone.

A key aspect of skin ageing is the decrease in the production of collagen, a structural protein responsible for the skin's firmness and elasticity. Over time, this decline leads to thinner, sagging skin that is no longer able to recover sufficiently from damage.

Sunlight - curse or blessing for the skin?

UV radiation is one of the most significant external factors that contribute to skin ageing. Long-term exposure to ultraviolet rays, especially UVB rays, can damage the DNA in skin cells, leading to accelerated ageing and an increased risk of skin cancer. This process, known as "photoaging" , is characterized by the formation of wrinkles, pigmentation spots and a rough skin texture.

UV radiation not only causes direct DNA damage, but also promotes the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) , which cause oxidative stress. This oxidative stress damages cell membranes, proteins and even the mitochondria, the "powerhouses" of our cells, which are responsible for energy production. As we age, the skin's ability to recover from this damage decreases

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Sunlight ages our skin, but it is still necessary for the sufficient production of vitamin D. Especially in winter, the production of vitamin D in the body decreases as the UV rays are no longer strong enough. And one more point: sunlight has been proven to promote a good mood.

Collagen production in old age

Collagenis the most abundant protein in the skin and, together with elastin and hyaluronic acid, forms the scaffolding that gives the skin its structure and elasticity. Collagen production peaks in the late teenage years and then gradually begins to decline. After the age of 30, the skin loses a little of its ability to produce collagen each year. In thisstudy , the scientists investigated how the skin of 18-29 year olds differs from the skin of 80 year olds. The result: the 80-year-olds had a reduction of around 75% in collagen production. In addition, the fibroblasts (the cells that form collagen) were also significantly less present.

As collagen production decreases, the skin loses its ability to retain moisture and repair damage. This leads to thinning of the dermis (the middle layer of the skin), reduced elasticity and the formation of wrinkles. Supporting collagen production is therefore a key element in strengthening the skin from the inside out. Studies have shown that collagen peptides, which can be easily obtained from food, are effective. You can find out more about this in our article on collagen.

Mitochondria: How the powerhouses of cells change with age

Mitochondria are responsible for energy production in our cells and play a crucial role in cell health and function. With increasing age, the efficiency of mitochondria decreases, leading to a decline in cellular energy production This process, known as "mitochondrial dysfunction", is a major contributor to skin ageing.

Mitochondrial function is affected by a variety of factors, including oxidative stress caused by UV radiation and other environmental factors. Damaged mitochondria can no longer effectively produce energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which leads to an accumulation of cell damage and accelerates the ageing process.

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The skin is a dynamic organ that is constantly renewing itself. In the case of us humans, this happens about every 28 days ? However, this process slows down with age. While the skin of a teenager regenerates in less than a month, this process can taketwice as long in older adults. This delay leads to an accumulation of damage and visible signs of skin ageing.

NAD metabolism as the key to better mitochondria

NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide)is a coenzyme found in every cell of the body and plays a central role in energy metabolism and mitochondrial function. It is crucial for the activity of sirtuins, enzymes that regulate the ageing process and promote the repair of DNA damage. Dr. David Sinclairis one of the most renowned researchers in this field and has made a significant contribution to the longevity world with his research on sirtuins and resveratrol .

With increasing age, NAD levels in the body decrease, leading to a reduction in mitochondrial function and accelerated ageing. Restoring NAD levels in the body is therefore seen as a promising strategy to improve mitochondrial function and slow down the ageing process. Various precursor molecules of NAD come into question here,z.B . Nicotinamid-Ribosid .

NAD metabolism and the skin

NAD metabolism is particularly relevant for the skin, as the skin cells have a high energy requirement in order to regenerate and repair damage. Among others, the American physician and longevity expert Dr. Peter Attiapointed out in the Huberman Podcast that an increase in NAD levels can protect skin cells from oxidative stress and thus possibly stop skin ageing.

NMN, a precursor of NAD+, has recently gained attention as a potent skin anti-ageing molecule. It is hypothesized thattopical application of NMN increases NAD levels in the skin, supporting mitochondrial function and cell regeneration.

Longevity technology for the skin cells

The slow loss of cell regeneration as we age is one of the main reasons for the ageing process of our skin, which becomes visible through increasingly deep wrinkles or dry, inelastic skin. To counteract this process, a well-founded, scientific technology is required that intervenes in the basic building blocks of cell metabolism.

The combination of the NMN molecule and the Nobel Prize-based HSF™ technology starts right here:

NMN serum : Less wrinkles and UVB protection

NAD metabolism is one of the most important areas of research for the longevity community. As the powerhouses of our cells, the mitochondria provide the energy for skin renewal, among other things. If the mitochondria become weaker, the skin can also recover more slowly.

In order to boost skin renewal, the mitochondria must remain efficient. This is where the NAD metabolism comes into play. Falling NAD levels in the cells are associated with poorer mitochondrial performance.

The molecule NMN as a concentrated serum for the skin intervenes in the NAD metabolism and was able to increase collagen production by up to 70% in one study. In the study, NMN helped to repair or possibly eliminate old skin cells more quickly and thus increase skin regeneration, giving the skin amore youthful appearance .

In addition, topical NMN has been shown to be effective in protecting the skin from the damaging effects of UVB radiation and reducing the formation of wrinkles. This could mean that NMN-based skincare products have a double effect : They not only combat the signs of skin ageing, but also offer protection against further damage caused by sun exposure.

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The skin's coveted "glow" is created through a complex interaction of several factors, including cell regeneration, hydration and blood flow . Well-hydrated skin reflects light more efficiently, while regular cell regeneration helps to remove dead skin cells and create a smooth surface. NotNMN powder , butNMN as a serum was shown in the study to effectively neutralize free radicals and improve hydration, resulting in a better "glow".

Nobel Prize-winning technology for the skin

Hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)is one of a group of proteins that become active when cells are deprived of oxygen and regulate gene expression to promote cell division, blood vessel formation and collagen production. These mechanisms are crucial for the skin's ability to repair itself and stay healthy. In 2019, William G. Kaelin, Sir Peter Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza were awarded the Nobel Prize for the discovery of HIF.

With age, the activity of HIF in the skin decreases, which reduces the ability of skin cells to regenerate and produce key proteins such as collagen and elastin. Stress also leads to a biochemical change in HIF.So we have a similar situation here as with NAD metabolism and just as with mitochondria, we can also intervene. With the help of specially developed molecules that stimulate HIF proteins (in scientific terms: HSF technology ), we can flip the master switch for cell regeneration again.

HIF activation for younger skin

HIF has proven to be a significant advance in the field of skin care. It not only promotes collagen production, but also improves the function of mitochondria - the "powerhouses" of cells - and reduces oxidative stress. This protects the skin from environmental damage and improves its overall health. HIF is therefore a powerful regeneration mechanism for our skin . Unfortunately, this effective helper loses its power with age, which means that the skin can no longer renew itself as well.

With the help of the latest Skincare Longevity technology, it is possible to prevent the breakdown of HIF. By not breaking down the molecule, it can act longer in the skin and thus reverse the visible signs of skin ageing.

Clinical results

The theory behind longevity molecules is an important building block, but clinical studies are much more exciting and meaningful. In a six-month, dermatologically controlled, single-blindstudy , HSF technology was found to achieve significant improvements in areas such as skin roughness, hydration and transepidermal water loss